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Nutrition and Your Senior Dog’s Body

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In the past, veterinarians recommended diets for senior dogs largely based on the nutritional management of diseases common to the aging process. Research, however, has shown that special nutrition can help manage body-condition problems in aging dogs, such as obesity and loss of muscle mass. Senior dogs also benefit from special nutrition to help maintain bone and joint health.
 

Learn more about how you can help your senior dog manage common health issues associated with aging.

 

Managing Obesity in Senior Dogs

Senior dogs tend to gain weight, despite consuming fewer calories, due to changes in their metabolic rate. Therefore, they can benefit from eating a diet with reduced fat levels and lower caloric density than adult maintenance foods.
 

Recent IAMS™ research in dogs also indicates that L-carnitine — a vitamin-like compound made in the body from the amino acids found in red meats, fish, chicken and milk — can help reduce weight in overweight dogs by escorting fat into cellular mitochondria where it is turned into energy.

 

Addressing Loss of Muscle Mass in Senior Dogs

Protein is the building block of muscle tissues. It is important for maintenance of muscle tissues, muscle strength and mobility. Recent research conducted by The IAMS Company has shown that senior dogs that eat a higher-protein diet better maintain muscle protein stores. By providing optimal protein levels from muscle maintenance, we can help senior dogs continue being physically active.
 

This research is contrary to conventional opinion that senior dog foods should contain lower protein levels than adult maintenance formulas to avoid progressive decrease in kidney function. However, senior dogs fed a high-protein diet had stable renal function and a lower death rate than dogs fed a lower-protein diet.*

 

Maintaining Bone and Joint Health for Senior Dogs

During the aging process, cartilage between joints often begins deteriorating. Nutritional management can help maintain healthy bones and joints and mobility in dogs in several ways:

  • Optimal levels of vitamins and minerals promote the efficient production of cartilage and nutritionally support bone and nerve function.
  • A complete and balanced diet with an adjusted omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio nutritionally supports joint health.

Some pet-food manufacturers have endorsed reduced levels of calcium and phosphorus based on the belief that excesses of these minerals are harmful to the kidneys. However, research has shown that no damaging accumulation of calcium or phosphorus was found in the kidneys of older dogs fed diets containing maintenance levels of calcium and phosphorus for four years.*
 

* Finco, DR. “Effects of aging and dietary protein intake of uninephrectomized geriatric dogs.” American Journal of Veterinary Research; Vol. 55, No. 9. Sept. 1994.

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  • Is Your Dog Panting a Lot? Understanding When It's Normal and When to Worry
    Is Your Dog Panting a Lot? Understanding When It's Normal and When to Worry
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    Is Your Dog Panting a Lot? Understanding When It's Normal and When to Worry

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    We all adore the sight of our furry friends panting, tongues lolling out in playful exhaustion after a spirited game of fetch or on a warm, sunny afternoon. But have you ever stopped to wonder about the deeper meaning behind this seemingly simple act? What does it tell us about our dog's health and well-being?
     

    While we may find dog panting endearing, it serves a far more crucial purpose than just a cute quirk. Panting is an essential element of canine physiology, playing a vital role in regulating body temperature and communicating emotional states. Knowing the different types of dog panting and their underlying causes can be crucial in providing the best care for our beloved companions.
     

    Understanding your dog's panting

    Dogs pant to regulate their body temperature, a mechanism similar to how humans sweat. While some panting is normal, excessive or unusual panting can be a sign of an underlying health issue.
     

    Normal panting:

    • Frequency: At rest, a healthy dog typically takes about 15 to 35 breaths per minute.
    • Intensity: The panting should be shallow and quiet, with minimal tongue lolling.
    • Context: Panting is expected after exercise, play, excitement, or in hot weather.
    • Duration: Once the cause of the panting is addressed (e.g., they cool down or calm down), the panting should subside.

    Concerning panting:

    • Excessive: If your dog is breathing fast i.e., 40 breaths per minute at rest or even when slightly active, it's a red flag.
    • Heavy: When the dog is breathing heavy, the panting is deep and laboured, with pronounced tongue lolling and drooling.
    • Unusual: Panting occurs in situations where it doesn't usually happen, such as when your dog is relaxed in a cool environment.
    • Persistent: The panting doesn't subside despite addressing the possible causes, or it's accompanied by other symptoms like lethargy, vomiting, or loss of appetite.

    Causes of dog panting

    Understanding why your dog pants is crucial for their health and well-being. While we've previously discussed how panting is their primary cooling mechanism, there's more to the story than just regulating body temperature.
     

    Physical reasons for panting

    • Heat regulation: As mentioned, panting helps dogs cool down after exercise, play, or during hot weather. By evaporating moisture from their tongue and respiratory tract, they bring their internal temperature back to a comfortable level.
    • Pain or discomfort: Excessive panting can be a sign of pain or discomfort due to an injury, illness, or other medical condition. Pain elevates heart rate and body temperature, triggering the panting reflex.
    • Respiratory issues: Allergies, asthma, kennel cough, and other respiratory conditions can make it difficult for your dog to breathe, leading to increased panting as they strive for more oxygen.

    Emotional reasons for panting:

    • Excitement: When your dog is excited, their heart rate and breathing increase naturally. This manifests as panting, especially during playtime, greetings, or anticipation of a favourite activity.
    • Stress or anxiety: Dogs experience stress and anxiety in various situations, leading to panting as a coping mechanism. Be aware of other behavioural changes like pacing, drooling, or tail tucking.
    • Fear or phobias: Loud noises, thunderstorms, and unfamiliar environments can trigger fear or phobias, leading to excessive panting, trembling, and attempts to hide.

    What should you do when your dog is breathing heavy?

    Seeing your beloved furry friend struggling to breathe can be a harrowing experience. But before jumping to conclusions, it's important to stay calm and assess the situation. Here's what you can do when your dog is panting heavily:
     

    Analyse the environment:

    • Recent activities: Have they been engaging in strenuous activity like playing fetch, running, or intense exercise?
    • Temperature and climate: Is it a hot day? Are they exposed to direct sunlight?
    • Stressful environment: Are there loud noises, unfamiliar people, or other factors that might be causing anxiety?

    If any of these factors are present, the panting is likely a normal physiological response to regulate their body temperature or manage stress. In this case, simply provide your dog with a cool, quiet space, offer fresh water, and allow them to rest.
     

    Observe your dog's behaviour:

    • Intensity: Is the panting shallow and quiet, or is it deep and laboured?
    • Frequency: How many breaths are they taking per minute?
    • Tongue lolling: Are they lolling their tongue excessively and drooling?
    • Additional symptoms: Are there any other concerning signs like lethargy, vomiting, or loss of appetite?

    Pay close attention to any deviations from their normal breathing patterns. Excessive panting in dogs, especially at rest or in a cool environment, may indicate an underlying medical condition and warrants further investigation.
     

    Provide comfort and hydration:

    • Cool down: Move your dog to a cooler area with shade and good air circulation.
    • Fresh water: Ensure they have access to clean, fresh water at all times.
    • Calm environment: Create a quiet and comfortable space where they can relax without distractions.

    These initial steps can help alleviate panting caused by heat or stress.
     

    When to see a vet for your dog's panting?

    While dogs naturally pant for various reasons, like regulating their body temperature or expressing excitement, excessive or unusual panting can be a sign of an underlying health issue. Knowing when to seek veterinary attention is crucial to ensure your furry friend's well-being.
     

    Here's when you should be concerned about your dog's panting:

    • Accompanying symptoms: If your dog's panting is accompanied by other concerning symptoms like lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, coughing, pale gums, excessive drooling, weakness, or unusual behaviour, prompt veterinary attention is essential.
    • Excessive panting: If your dog's panting is deep, laboured, and accompanied by exaggerated tongue lolling, it could indicate a serious medical condition. Don't delay seeking professional help.
    • Continuous panting: Panting that persists even when your dog is at rest, in a cool environment, or after addressing the initial cause (e.g., exercise, heat) requires veterinary evaluation.
    • Unrelenting panting: If the panting doesn't subside within a reasonable timeframe or even worsens despite your efforts to provide comfort and address environmental factors, it's crucial to seek professional advice.

    Panting is a natural and essential part of a dog's physiology, but it's crucial to differentiate between normal panting and signs of distress. By understanding the reasons behind your dog's panting and knowing when to seek help, you can ensure they live a happy, healthy life.

    Why Do Dogs Pant?
    Why Do Dogs Pant?
    Why Do Dogs Pant?
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